英语法律语言词汇特征分析
作者:古龙 2009-07-04语际翻译公司 转载请注明https://www.scientrans.com
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#1575;لتعهدات والالتزامات
لاغيا وباطلا
في حالة جيدة
يتعهد ويقر
كل
An important remark is required here, legal drafters, nowadays, do not normally use such pairing of words as a distinction from simple style of expressions, but it is merely a tradition adopted when drafting legal documents (Sabra: 36)16.
-7- Legal English as a technical language:
We have seen so far that a considerable part of legal English vocabulary is a mixture of archaic terms and terms of Latin and French origin. Another noticeable feature of legal English is its technical terminology. According to Tiersma (1999)17 “if a word or a phrase is used exclusively by a particular trade or profession or if that profession uses it in a way that differs from its normal meaning and the term has a relatively well-defined sense, it should be considered a technical term” p. 108.
This reveals that a technical term is an unshared term used exclusively by a specific trade or profession. In other words, specialists in the legal sphere are actually equipped by a distinct language peculiar to ordinary people and highly characterized by a vocabulary of technical nature. Accordingly, Alcaraz & Brian (2002: 17) present a classification of technical vocabulary: purely technical terms and semi-technical terms.
-7-1- Purely technical terms: are those that are only applicable in the legal sphere but nowhere else. For example,
source language Target language
Decree (n)
Mortgage (n)
Sub-letting
Deem (v)
Permises
Tenant
Lease (n)
Hereinafter
landlord
حكم/مرسوم
رهن
كراء من الباطن
يعتبرأويعد
العقار
المكتري
إيجار/كراء
فيما بعد
المالك/المكري
Actually, the understanding of such kind of terms is of great importance in grasping any given legal text in which they occur.
-7-2-Semi-technical terms: words and phrases of this group belong to everyday lexicon which has gained extra-meanings in the legal context. So, terms of this type are polysemic, tougher to recognize their precise meaning without resorting to the context in which they occur. The following examples are terms of this type:
General meaning:
Source language Target language
Assignment
Maintenance
Consideration
Title مهمة، واجب
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