英译汉翻译教程

翻译的定义
What is translation?-Definition
Steiner 和张培基所说的那样： Translating it is that openeth the window, to let in the light; that breaketh the shell, that we may eat the kernel. (Steiner)

Translating consists in reproducing in the receptor language the closest natural
equivalent of the source language message, first in terms of meaning and secondly in
terms of style. (Nida)
Translation may be defined as follows:The replacement of textural material in one
language (SL) by equivalent textual material in another language.(TL). (Catford)
Translation is a process in which the parole of one language is transferred into the
parole of another with the content i.e. meaning unchanged. (Barhudarov)

...translation is first a science, which entails the knowledge and verification of the
facts and the language that describes them-here, what is wrong, mistakes of truth, can
be identified; secondly, it is a skill, which calls for appropriate language and
acceptable usage; thirdly, an art, which distinguishes good from undistinguished
writing and is the creative, the intuitive, sometimes the inspired, level of the
translation; lastly, a matter of taste, where argument ceases, preferences are expressed,
and the variety of meritorious translation is the reflection of individual differences.
（Newmark）

翻译的分类
一般说来，翻译可从5 种不同的角度来分类（见教材pp.2-3）：
1） 从译出语和译入语的角度来分类，翻译可分为本族语译为外语外语译为
本族语；
2） 从涉及到的语言符号来分类，翻译分为语内翻译（intralingual translation)、
语际翻译 (interlingual translation)和符际翻译(intersemiotic translation)；
3) 从翻译的手段来分类，翻译可分为口译（oral interlingual translation）、笔
译(written interlingual translation) 和机器翻译(machine translation)；
4) 从翻译的题材来分类，翻译可分为专业文献翻译(translation of English for
science and technology)、文学翻译(literary translat

[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] 下一页