【中译英】汉语重复结构的英译

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【中译英】汉语重复结构的英译

作者：古龙 2009-07-04

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That boy is going to do a trick．He wants you to watch him．
Johnny washes his hands only if his mother makes him．
Sara wants to have dates，but her mother will not let her．
如果重复动词前有助动词，助动词不可省：
Peter works as hard as he can．
I have finished the assignment．Have you?
B)如果重复动词是一般现在时，可用代动词do代替，如果是过去式，用did，如：
“Mary sings wee．’’“Yes．she does．’’
You received a better grade in that class than I did．
注意，程度或频度副词放在第二个动词前面，其它副词放在后面。如：
Paul always says he will do better work next
time，but he never does．
I do not like to be late．but I frequently am．
You used to study harder than you do now．
Come as early as you call tomorrow．

第一个动词可以是肯定的，第二个动词可以是否定的，反之亦然，如：
John works hard，but Mary doesn’t．
If your friends won’t tell you，who will?
c)在比较句中，第二个动词时常要省略，如省略后不清楚就不能省略，如：
William is as tall as his brother．
Mother scolds me worse than she does Father．
Mother scolds me worse than Father does．

4．1．2省略名词
A)在“定名+定名”中，省前边的名词：
The line between East and West Germany．(在and前边省略了Germany)
A Dane and a Dutch person meeting in Rome will almost automatically find themselves speaking
to each other in English．(A Dane后省略了person)
Surely，in this respect，British an d American English have not diverged very much，have they? (And前省略了English)
B)在比较级的句子中
These pens are better than those．(Those后省略了pens)
William’s mother is older than John’s．(John’s后省略了mother)

4．1．3在“冠名+冠名”中，省后边的冠词：
Passing through a liquid or solid, sound is changed into heat．(此处Solid前省去冠词a)
After the usual dawn trip outside，we could see on the wall the faded pictures of a man and woman and their children，dressed in Western clothes，and out in the big open front room, …(这里woman前省去冠词a)

4．1．4如果one前的描述性形容词前有the，那么这个one可以省去：
Of all those sisters．Mary is the most beautiful [one]．
Let’s finish this exercise so we can go on to the next [one]．
I like this picture better than that [one]．
I like these pictures bet

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