2) 资料性摘要：告诉读者研究的总体情况，使他们了解研究的目的、材料、方法、结果、结论以及存在的问题。

　　资料性摘要分为传统型或非结构式(non-structured)和结构式(structured)两大类型。

　　无论何种形式的摘要，都应包含以下几个基本要素：

　　1) 主题(Main topic as in title)

　　2) 目的(Purpose of research)

　　3) 方法(Methodology)

　　4) 材料(Materials)

　　5) 结果(Results)

　　6) 结论(Conclusions)

　　1) 非结构式摘要：

　　Parenteral nutrition-induced gallbladder disease: A reason for early cholecystectomy

　　Patients who receive long-term parenteral (不经胃肠的)nutrition have an increased incidence of both calculous and acalculous cholecystitis. 【研究背景-用现在时表述】In an attempt to establish guidelines for clinical management of patients with TPN-induced gallbladder disease, we have reviewed the records of 35 patients who have undergone cholecytectomy for this problem since 1976 at the UCLA Medical Center.【目的-用过去时或现在时表述】 The mean age of the 23 adults and 12 children who had cholecystectomy was 29.1 years. Forty percent of these patients required emergency cholecystecotmy. 【材料和方法 - 过去时表述】 The overall operative morbidity was 54 percent, and the hospital mortality was 11 percent. Significant factors contributing to this high rate of complications included a delay in diagnosis, especially in the young children, and increased operative difficulty due to extensive adhesions and intraoperative hemorrhage. 【结果 - 过去时表述】 Our analysis suggests that patients receiving long-term TPN should have a program of ultrasound surveillance for gallbladder formation, elective cholecystectomy when stones first appear, and consideration of cholecystectomy at the time of laparotomy performed for other reasons. 【结论 - 时态视具体情况】 Whether TPN-induced gallstones can be prevented through daily stimulated gallbladder emptying awaits results of future studies. 【前瞻性说明 - 现在时或将来时表述】

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