（1）医嘱术语[medical orders]
        •Admit/transfer to[收入（转入）]
        •Resident/attending[住院（主诊）医师]
        •condition[病情]
        ▲critical (Imminence)[病危]
        ▲unstable[不稳定]
        ▲stable[稳定]
        ▲general (fair) [一般]
        •emergent[急诊]
        •Diagnosis[诊断]
        •Diet[饮食]
        ▲full (home) diet[普食]
        ▲liquid (semi-liquid) diet[流汁（半流汁）饮食]
        ▲soft diet[软食]
        ▲low salt and low fat diet[低盐低脂饮食]
        ▲salt-free diet[无盐饮食]
        ▲low purine diet[低嘌呤饮食]
        ▲low (non)-residue diet[少（无）渣饮食]
        ▲light diet [清淡饮食]
        ▲high caloric diet[高热量饮食]
        ▲high protein (protein-rich) diet[高蛋白饮食]
        ▲diabetic diet[糖尿病饮食]
        ▲nephritic diet[肾炎饮食]
        ▲nasal feeding[鼻饲]
        ▲fasting (NPO, nothing by mouth)[禁食]
        ▲NPO for 5 hours[禁食5小时]
        ▲meal standard[伙食标准]
        •activity[活动]
        ▲absolute rest[绝对卧床休息]
        ▲stay on the bed (yest in bed)[卧床休息]
        ▲Ad lib[随意活动]
        ▲In the ward [病房内活动]
        •vital signs[生命体征]
        •Q shift (q.6h)[每班（每6小时）一次]
        •immoblization[制动]
        •pressed by sand bag [沙袋压迫]
        •I/O (intake and output)[记出入量]
        •N/A (non-apply)[不需要]
        •parameter: EKG(Bp,SaO2) monitor [其他：心电图（血压，氧饱和度）监
          护]
        •allergies[过敏]
        •NKA (non-known allergies)[无已知的过敏反应]
        •patient identification [病人身份]
        •4th floor,room 5 ,bed 2(405-2)[4楼5号房2床]
        •Med. Rec#[病历号]
        •medical orders[医嘱]
        •on general routine[护理常规]
        •on grade I (II, III) nuring care[I （I、III）级护理]
        •morning (evening) care[晨间（夜间）护理]
        •bedsore care[褥疮护理]
        •mouth (oral) care[口腔护理]
        •CPT( chest physical treatment) [胸部物理治疗]
        •O2 inhalation (2-4L/min)[吸氧（2-4升/分）]
        •alcohol sponge bath[酒精擦浴]
        •cold (hot) compress[冷（热）敷]
        •wet (hydropathic) compress by MgSO4[用硫酸镁湿敷]
        •change position × qh[每小时更换一次体位]
        •gastric lavage with water[用清水洗胃]
        •bladder irrigation [膀胱冲洗]
        •under water seal drainage of thorax[胸腔水封瓶引流]
        •GI decompression [胃肠减压]
        •keep warm[保温]医.学 全在.线,提供www.med126.com
        •lower temperature by ice-cap[冰帽降温]
        •keep bowels open[保持大便通畅]
        •keep the airway open[保持气道通畅]
        •retention catheterization[留置导尿]
        •prevent from bedsore[预防褥疮]
        •on bedside isolation[床边隔离]
        •P.P sitz bath[高锰酸钾液坐浴]
        •raising the head (foot) of the bed[抬高床头（尾）]
        •pencillin (procaine, iodine) skin test[青霉素（普鲁卡因，碘）皮试]
        •intubate and ventilator support[气管插管及呼吸机支持]
        •cleaning (retention) enama[清洁（保留）灌肠]
        •soapsuds (saline) enama[肥皂水（盐水）灌肠]
        •intradermal injection[皮内注射]
        •subcutaneous (hypodermic) injection [皮下注射]
        •intramuscular injection( i.m)[肌肉注射]
        •intravenous injection(i.v)[静脉注射]
        •intravenous drip(ivgtt)[静脉滴入]
        •intraarterial injection[动脉注射]
        •intraarticular injection[关节内注射]
        •intrapleural injection[胸腔内注射]
        •intrathecal injection[鞘内注射]
        •intraspinal injection[椎管内注射]
        •per os(P.O,by mouth[口服]
        •inhalation[吸入]
        •inunction[涂擦]
        •scarification[划痕法]
        •by rectum[直肠灌注]
        •quaque die (qd)[一天1次]
        •bis in die(bid)[一天2次]
        •ter in die (tid)[一天3次]
        •quater in die (qid)[一天4次]
        •quaque hora (qh)[每小时1次]
        •quaque quarta hora(q4h)[每4小时1次]
        •quaque nocte (qn)[每晚1次]
        •quaque mane (qm)[每晨1次]
        •ante cibum(ac)[饭前（给药）]
        •post cibum (pc)[饭后（给药）]
        •hora somni (hs)[临睡时]
        •pro re nata (prn)[必要时]
        •si opus sit (sos)[必要时只用1次]
        •ante meridiem (am)[上午]
        •post meridiem (pm)[下午]
        •statim (st)[即刻]
        (2)辅助检查术语[diagnostic examination]
        •CBC (complete blood count) [全血细胞计数]
        •WBC (white blood ount)[白细胞数]
        •RBC (red blood count) [红细胞数]
        •Ret (reticulocyte)[网织红细胞数]
        •HCT (hematocrit)[红细胞比积]
        •MCV (mean corpuscular volume) [红细胞平均体积]
        •MCH (mean corpuscular hemoglobin)[红细胞平均血红蛋白]
        •EC (eosinophic count)[嗜酸粒细胞计数]
        •Plt (platelet count)[血小板计数]
        •UA (urine analyse)[小便常规]
        •SRt (stool routine)[大便常规]
        •stool OB [大便隐血]
        •stool ova count[大便虫卵计数]
        •uric acid [尿酸]
        •uric (serum) amylase [尿（血）淀粉酶]
        •urine K+ (Na+)[尿钾（钠）测定]
        •pregnance test[妊娠试验]
        •urine Bence-Jone protein [尿本-周氏蛋白]
        •urinary protein electrophoresis[尿蛋白电冰]
        •bacterial count of urine [尿菌落数]
        •osmotic pressure assay[尿渗透压测定]
        •urine (blood, stool) culture [尿（血、大便）培养]
        •bone marrow puncture [骨穿]
        •iron staining of bone marrow smear [骨髓铁染色]
        •serum iron assay [血清铁测定]
        •Vit B12 and folic acid assay [维生素B12和叶酸测定]
        •BT (bleeding time) [出血时间]
        •CT (coagulation time) [凝血时间]
        •PT (prothrombin time)[凝血酶原时间]
        •ACT (activated coagulation time)[活化的凝血时间]
        •KPTT(kaolin partial thromboplastin time)[部分凝血活酶时间]
        •Fb (fibrinogen)[纤维蛋白原]
        •FDP (fibrinogen degradation product)[纤维蛋白原降解产物]
        •ABG (arterial blood gas)[血气分析]
        •renal function and liver function[肝肾功能]
        •D-dimer fragments assay[D-二聚体测定]
        •Hcy (homocysteine)[同型半胱氨酸]
        •Cr and BuN (creatinine and blood urea nitrogen)[肌酐和尿素氮]
        •blood lipid (TG, TC ,HDL, LDL)[血脂（甘油三酯，胆固醇，高密度脂蛋
          白，低密度脂蛋白）]
        •myocardial enzyme (CK, CK-MB, GOT, LDH)[心肌酶谱（肌酸磷酸激酶及
          同功酶，谷草转氨酶，乳酶脱氢酶）]
        •Mb (myoglobin)[肌红蛋白]
        •CTn-I [肌钙蛋白-I]
        •thyroid function (T3,T4,TSH,FT3 FT4,TG,TM)[甲状腺功能]
        •VMA (urine vanillylmandelic acid)[尿香草基杏仁酸]
        •LH, FSH, ACTH, GH[黄体生成素，卵泡刺激素，促肾上腺皮质激素，生
          长激素]
        •determination of calcitonin[降钙素测定]
        •17-KS and 17-OHCS[尿17-酮和17-羟测定]
        •plasma cortisol assay [皮质醇]
        •aldosterone assay[醛固酮]
        •testosterone and estradiol[睾酮和雌二醇]
        •FBS or blood glucose [空腹血糖或血糖]
        •SaO2 monitor [血氧饱和度监测]
        •CO2CP (carbon dioxide combining power)[二氧化碳结合力]
        •Uric ketobody[尿酮体]
        •serum electrolytes (K+,Na+,Ca2+,Cl-,Mg2+)[血电解质]
        •AFP(alpha-fetoprotein) [癌胚抗原]
        •β2-M(β2-microglobulin)[ β2微球蛋白]
        •Ccr (endogenous creatinine clearance)[内生肌酐清除率]
        •capillary resistance test [毛细血管脆性试验]
        •platelet adhesion and aggregation test[血小板粘附和凝集试验]
        •3P test (plasma protamine paracoagulation test)[血浆鱼精蛋白副凝试验]
        •plasma viscosity [血浆粘度]
        •whole-blood viscosity [全血粘度]
        •CSF (cerebrospinal fluid)[脑脊液]
        •semen (sputum, vaginal discharge) examination[精液（痰，阴道分泌物）检
          查]
        •total protein[总蛋白]
        •OGTT (oral glucose tolerance test)[口服糖耐量试验]
        •ASO (antistreptolysin O test)[抗“O”试验]
        •ANA (antinuclear antibody)[抗核抗体]
        •anti-ENA antibody [抗可提取性核蛋白（ENA）抗体]
        •anti-ds DNA[抗双链DNA抗体]
        •C3 (complement 3) [补体3]
        •CRP (C-reactive protein) [C-反应蛋白]
        •IC (immune complex)[免疫复合物]
        •RF (rheumatoid factor)[类风湿因子]
        •Widal`s reaction [肥达氏反应]
        •MIC (minimal inhibitory concentration)[最低抑菌浓度]
        •MBC (minimal bactericidal concentration)[最小杀菌浓度]
        •acid-fast stain[抗酸染色]
        •EKG [心电图]
        •bedside [床边]
        •chest (cervical) X-ray examination [胸部（颈部）X线检查]
        •P-A + lateral projection [正位+侧位]
        •echo (TTE, transthoracic echo)[经胸超声心动图]
        •echo (TEE, transesophageal echo)[经食道超声心动图]
        •Doppler echocardiography[多普勒超声心动图]
        •fluoroscopy [透视]医学全在线www.med126.com
        •CT (computerized-tomography)[计算机断层摄影]
        •MRI (magnetic resonance imaging)[核磁共振成像]
        •DSA (digital subtractive angiography)[数字减影血管造影术]
        •contrast enhancement[对比增强]
        •dacryocystography[泪囊造影]
        •Caldwell`s position [柯氏位]
        •Wayer`s position[瓦氏位]
        •Angiography [血管造影术]
        •coronary angiography [冠脉造影术]
        •right ventricul ography [右心造影术]
        •PTCA[经皮经腔冠脉成形术]
        •RFCA[经导管射频消融术]
        •stent[支架]
        •pacemaker implanted operation[起搏器植入术]
        •Holter (dynamic ECG)[24小时动态心电图]
        •ABPM[24小时动态血压监测]
        •treadmill test [平板运动试验]
        •bicycle ergometer[踏车试验]
        •tilt test[倾斜试验]
        •phonocardiog raphy[心音图]
        •atropine test[阿托品试验]
        •TEAP (transesophageal atrial pacing)[食道调搏]
        •EP study[电生理检查]
        •VCG (vectocardiogram)[心向量图]
        •EMG (electromyogram)[肌电图]
        •EEG (electroencephalogram)[脑电图]
        •barium enema[钡灌肠]
        •cholangiography[胆管造影术]
        •intravenous (oral) cholecystography[静脉（口服）胆囊造影]
        •pancratocholangiography[胰胆管造影]
        •selective heptatic arteriography[选择性肝动脉造影]
        •bronchography[支气管造影]
        •lung aspiration biopsy[肺针吸活检]
        •cystourethrography[膀胱尿道造影]
        •IVU (intravenous urography)[静脉尿道造影]
        •retrogradepyelography[逆行肾盂造影]
        •uterosalpingography[子宫输卵管造影]
        •CT-guided aspiration biopsy[CT 导向下穿刺活检]
        •cerebral angiography [脑血管造影]
        •vertebral angiography[椎动脉造影]
        •cisternography[脑室造影]
        •arterio (veno) graphy[动（静）脉造影]
        •lung functional examination[肺功能检查]
        •gastroscopy[胃镜检查]
        •endoscopy[內窥镜检查]
        •sigmoidoscopy[乙状结肠镜查]
        •colonoscopy[结肠镜检查]
        •colonofiberscopy[纤维结肠镜检查]
        •bronchoscopy[支气管镜检查]
        •ERCP (endoscopic retrograde cholangio-pancreatography)[经内镜逆行胰胆管造影]
        •catheterization[导尿术]
        •thoracentesis[胸穿]
        •abdominocentesis（abdominal puncture）[腹穿]
        •pericardiocentesis[心包穿刺]
        •liver (renal) biopsy[肝（肾）活检]
        •bone marrow puncture[骨穿]
        •lumbar puncture[腰穿]
        •lymah node puncture [淋巴结穿刺]
        •joint cavity paracentesis [关节腔穿刺术]
        •examination of prostate[前列腺检查]
        •massage of prostate[前列腺按摩]
        •CVP measure [中心静脉压测定]
        •peripheral venous pressure measure [外周静脉压测定]
        •duodenal drainage[十二指肠引流]
        来源：医学全在线