五、既往史Past History
       (1)他一直很健康，到1960年10月，才慢慢地开始有咳嗽和脓痰。
       He had enjoyed good health until Oct. 1960, when he gradually developed cough and purulent sputum.
       ※到某时一直健康
       -几乎未生病 be barely ever sick
       ex1：He had been well until Nov. 1960, at which time he was found to have diabetes mellitus.
       ex2：He was apparently healthy most of his life, and did not consult a physician until his present illness.
       (2)以前他没有患过任何病，在幼小时所做的一般免疫，并无不良反应。
       He had no illnessnes of any kind before and received routine immunizations at an early age without ill effects.
       ※未曾患过病
       ex1：He denied experiencing episode of coughing at any time in his life.
       ex2：He denied any history of prior cardiovascular symptoms before onset of the present illness.
       (3)他曾患过通常的小儿期疾病和肺炎一次，这些病都顺利痊愈。
       He had the usual childhood diseases plus one bout of pneumonia from which he made uneventful recoveries.
       ※生过病
       -患病 suffer from；have an attack of ；be attacked by
       -在童年时代患过麻疹，但无合并症发生 have measles during childhood without complications
       -一起身就会头晕 experience light-headed on sitting up
       -患严重的喘息性支气管炎 contract severe asthmatic bronchitis
       ex1：He had a lunatic tendency 4 years ago.
       ex2：He has been a known diabetic since 24 years of age.
       ※除~病外未患过病
       ex1：His early development was normal and he suffered no significant illness apart from measles at the age of 5.
       ex2：Except for childhood disease he has had no more serious diseases untilnow.
       ※免疫
       ex1：He was vaccinated in childhood, and reacted in a routine manner.
       ex2：The first D.P.T. immunization was given at 3 months, and was followed by high fever, lethargy.
       ※易患~
       -常常感冒 be subject to frequent colds
       -容易感冒 be apt to catch cold
       -多病 prone to illness
       ex1：Although he was subject to joint pains in his childhood, he gave no definite history of rheumatic fever.
       ex2：She was susceptible to car sickness, a tendency which had been less pronounced in the past year.
       (4)他有在22岁患过肺炎的病历。
       He has a history of pneumonia diagnosed at the age of 22.
       ※诊断\
       -诊断 diagnose (the case as) ；establish (make) a diagnosis
       -误诊 make a wrong diagnosis；misdiagnosis
       ex1：He has a history of being diagnosed as pneumonia 4 years ago.
       ex2：He states that a diagnosis of pneumonia was made 4 years ago.
       ※「诊断」记载例
       ex1：Diagnosis：senile paranoid
       ex2：Diarrhea and vomiting of undertermined etiology.
       ex3：Malignant gastric ulcer, as much as could be observed.
       ※诊断书\
       ex1：This certifies that the above named patient suffered from the disease
       stated above.
       ex2：This is to certify that the said patient is seriously sick with liver atrophy.
       It is recommended that he should be confined to hospital for good care
       and treatment for a period of one month.
       (5)他于1952年10月16日，因肺结核接受部分胸廓成形术，而住了院。
       He was admitted on Oct. 16, 1952 to undergo a partial thoracoplasty for pulmonary
       tuberculosis.
       ※年月日
       -在8月3日黄昏 on the evening of Aug. 3
       -去年11月 in Nov. last；last Nov.
       -在前几个月当中 during the past couple of months
       -在上月初(月中、月底) at the beginning (middle, end) of last month
       -每隔一天 every other day；on alternate days；every two days
       -每隔二天 at intervals of 2 days；every 3rd day
       -连续5天 for 5 consecutive days
       -几乎一个月 for nearly a month
       -足足的一个月 for a full month
       -期间不详 for an unknown length of time
       -期间不明确 for an indefinite period
       -次2夜 the 2 succeeding nights
       -前一夜 the preceding (previous) night
       ※住院
       -住院 enter (be admitted to ) hospital；entering (admission to ) hospital；go (be taken ) to hospital
       -住院时 at the time of one's admission to the hospital
       -10年前因治疗肺炎而住院 be hospitalized 10 years ago for treatment of pneumonia
       ※出院
       -出院 leave hospital；be out of hospital； be discharged (dismissed) from hospital
       （6）在1960年他患了胃病，在医院治疗16天后痊愈。
       In 1960 he experienced stomach trouble from which he recovered completely after being treated in a hospital for 16 days.
       ※治疗
       -彻底医治 cure (a disease) completely (radically) ；effect a radical cure
       -作许多种治疗 try many treatments (for)
       -忽视肿瘤，并且不接受治疗 ignore the tumor and refuse treatment
       -在家里接受治疗 have domiciliary treatment
       -述说过去一再使用盘尼西林治疗淋病 give a history of repeated treatments with penicillin for gono in the past.
       -自医 try (doctor) oneself；try home treatment
       ※受~治疗
       -服用抗高血压药剂 receive antihypertensive drugs
       -使~服抗结刻剂 put one on antituberculosis drugs before one goes surgery
       -替~打一支盘尼西林 give one a shot of penicillin
       -经过顺利 have an uncomplicated course
       -开刀后经过顺利、满意、不顺、(不)良 postoperative course was uneventful,satisfactory, stormy, (un)favorable -become convalescent
       ex1：He did not receive any specific therapy but was treated symptomatically.
       ex2：Past history revealed an episode of gonorrhea in 1957 which was successfully treated by antibiotics.
       来源：医学全在线