第十四章  诊断（疾病名称）
        [Diagnosis(disignation of diseases)]
       •病因诊断[pathogenic diagnosis (diagnosis of etiology)]
       •病理解剖诊断[diagnosis of pathological anatomy]
       •病理生理诊断[diagnosis of pathological physiology]
       •并发症[complication]
       •合并症（伴发疾病）[accompanying diseases]
       (1)心内科疾病[heart diseases]•cardiac insufficiency (heart failure)[心功能不全（心衰）]
       •cardiogenic (hypovolemic, septic, anaphylactic, neurogenic) shock[心原性（低血容量性，感染性，过敏性，神经原性）休克]
       •sinus tachycardia (bradycardia, arrhythmia, arrest)[窦性（心动过速，心动过缓，心律不齐，停搏）]
       •sinus rhythm[窦性心律]
       •sick sinus syndrome(SSS)[病窦综合征]
       •Adams –stokes syndrome[阿-斯综合征]
       •junctional (ventricular) escape beat[交界性（室性）逸搏]
       •escape rhythm[逸搏心律]
       •left atrial rhythm[左房心律]
       •chaotic atrial rhythm[房性紊乱心律]
       •wandering rhythm[游走心律]
       •premature atrial(ventricular, junctional) beats[房性（室性，交界性）早搏]
       •multifocal (multimorphic)[多源性（多形性）]
       •bigeminy (trigeminy)[二（三）联律]
       •paroxysmal atrial (supraventricular, ventricular) tachycardia[阵发性房性（室上性，室性）心动过速]
       •sustained ventricular tachycardia[持续性室速]
       •sinus nodal reentrant tachycardia[窦房结折返性心动过速]
       •Torsade de pointes (TDP)[尖端扭转型室速]
       •A-V(A-V nodal)reentrant tachycardia[房室（房室结）折返性心动过速]
       •atrial flutter (fibrillation)[房扑（颤）]
       •ventricular flutter (fibrillation)[室扑（颤）]
       •sino-auricular (intra-auricular, intra-ventricular)block[窦房（房内， 室内）传导阻滞]
       •first (second, third) degree atrioventricular (A-V)block[I（II、III）度房室传导阻滞]
       •second degree, type I(II) A-V block[II度I（II）型房室传导阻滞]
       •Wenckebach phenomena[文氏现象]
       •Mobitz type I(II)[莫氏I（II）型]
       •complete (incomplete) left (right) bundle branch block[完全性（不完全性）左（右）束支传导阻滞]
       •advanced (high grade) A-V block[高度房室传导阻滞]
       •left anterior (posterior) fascicular block[左前（后）分支阻滞]
       •type A(B) wolff-parkinson-white syndrome (pre-excitation syndrome)[A（B）型预激（W-P-W）综合征]
       •Lown-Ganong-Levime (L-G-L) syndrome[L-G-L综合征（短P-R综合征）]
       •accelerated idioventricular (idiojunctional) rhythm[加速性室性（交界性）自主心律]
       •ectopic (junctional, reciprocal) rhythm[异位（交界性，反复）心律]
       •ventricular hypertrophy[心室肥厚]
       •left(right) atrial enlargement[左（右）房扩大]
       •idiopathic[特发性]
       •interfering atrioventricular dissociation[干扰性房室分离]
       •Brugada syndrome [Brugada 综合征]
       •cardiac arrest (sudden death)[心脏骤停（猝死）]
       •acute rheumatic fever [急性风湿热]
       •rheumatic carditis[风湿性心脏炎]
       •chorea[舞蹈病]
       •rheumatic heart disease[风湿性心脏病]
       •multivalve disease[多瓣膜病]
       •valvular heart disease[心瓣膜病]
       •mitral(aortic, pulmonary, tricuspid) stenosis[二尖瓣（主动脉瓣，肺动肪瓣，三尖瓣）狭窄]
       •mitral (aortic, tricuspid) regurgitation(insufficiency)[二尖瓣（主动脉瓣，三尖瓣）反流（关闭不全）]
       •coronary artery (heart) disease[冠心病]
       •acute coronary syndrome [急性冠脉综合征]
       •acute (old) myocardial infarction (MI)[急性（陈旧性）心肌梗死]
       •Q wave (non-Q wave) MI[Q波（非Q波）心梗]
       •unstable (stable) angina pectoris[不稳定（稳定）型心绞痛]
       •cardiogenic sudden death[心源性猝死]
       •initial onset angina peotoris[初发型心绞痛]
       •angina decubitus[卧位型心绞痛]
       •variant angina pectoris[变异型心绞痛]
       •intermediate syndrome [中间综合症]
       •post-infarction angina pectoris[梗死后心绞痛]
       •congenital heart disease[先天性心脏病]
       •pulmonary (aortic) stenosis[肺（主）动脉狭窄]
       •coartation of aorta[主动脉缩窄]
       •idiopathic (primary) pulmonary hypertension [原发性肺动脉高压]
       •persistent left superior vena cava[左侧上腔静脉永存]
       •superior vena caval obstruction syndrome[上腔静脉阻塞综合征]
       •dextro cardia[右位心]医学全.在线.网.站.提供
       •marfan`s syndrome [马凡氏综合征]
       •atrial (ventricular) septal defect(ASD/VSD)[房（室）间隔缺损]
       •patent ductus arteriosus (PDA)[动脉导管未闭]
       •single atrium (ventricle)[单心房（室）]
       •endocardial cushion defect[心内膜垫缺损]
       •aortic sinus aneurysm[主动脉窦瘤]
       •coronary arteritis[冠状动脉炎]
       •coronary artery fistula[冠状动脉瘘]
       •malformation of coronary artery[冠状动脉畸形]
       •coronary arteriovenous fistula[冠状动静脉瘘]
       •tetralogy(trilogy) of Fallot[法乐氏四（三）联征]
       •complete (corrected) transposition of great vessels[完全性（纠正型）大血管转位]
       •double-outlet of right ventricle [右室双出口]
       •partial (complete) anomalous pulmonary venous drainage[部分（完全）性肺静脉畸形引流]
       •Eisenmenger (Ebstein) syndrome[艾生曼格综合征（埃勃斯坦畸形）]
       •persistent trumcus arteriosus[永存主动脉干]
       •congenital pulmonary arteriovenous fistula[先天性肺动静脉瘘]
       •primary (secondary) hypertension [原发（继发）性高血压]
       •hypertensive crisis (urgencies, emergencies)[高血压危象（急诊）]
       •hypertensive nephropathy (papillo-retinopathy, cerebral hemorrhage)[高血压性肾病（视乳头-视网膜病，脑出血）]
       •acute (subacute) becterial endocarditis[急（亚急）性细菌性心内膜炎]
       •infective endocarditis[感染性心内膜炎]
       •acute (chronic) cor pulmonale[急（慢）性肺原性心脏病]
       •chronic pulmonary heart disease[慢性肺心病]
       •acute (chronic) pericarditis [急（慢）性心包炎]
       •constrictive pericarditis[缩窄性心包炎]
       •purulent (tuberculous) pericarditis[化脓(结核)性心包炎]
       •syphilitic heart disease[梅毒性心脏病]
       •acute viral myocarditis [急性病毒性心肌炎]
       •primary (specific) cardiomyopathy[原发（特异）性心肌病]
       •dilated (hypertrophic, restrictive) cardiomyopathy[扩张（肥厚，限制）型心肌病]
       •hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM)[肥厚型梗阻性心肌病]
       •arrhythmogenic right ventricula dysplasia(ARVD)[致心律失常性右室发育不全]
       •tachycardia induced cardiomyopathy[心动过速性心肌病]
       •hypertensive(alcoholic,ischemic,diabetic,peripartum,hyperthyroid )cardio- myopathy[高血压（酒精，缺血，糖尿病，围生期，甲亢）性心肌病]
       •drug-induced cardiomyopathy[药物性心肌病]
       •keshan disease[克山病]
       •myxoma of left atrium[左房粘液瘤]
       •metastatic cardiac tumor[心脏转移性肿瘤]
       •cardiac neurosis[心脏神经官能症]
       •mitral prolapse syndrome[二尖瓣脱垂综合征]
       •long Q-T syndrome[长QT间期综合征]
       •aortic (dissecting) aneurysm[主动脉（夹层动脉）瘤]
       •multiple (primary) arteritis of aorta and main branches[多发性大动脉炎]
       •Takayasu arteritis [大动脉炎（高安动脉炎）]
       •Raynaud disease[雷诺氏病]
       •systemic vasculitis[系统性血管炎]
       •thromboangitis obliterans[血栓闭塞性脉管炎]
       •deep vein thrombosis[深静脉血栓形成]
       •superficial thrombophlebitis[血栓性浅静脉炎]
       •syndrome X[X 综合征]
       •peripheral arteriosclerosis obliteration[闭塞性周围动脉粥样硬化]
       •Churg-Strauss syndrome[变应性肉芽肿性血管炎]
       •radiofrequency catheter ablation(RFCA)[射频消融术]
       •percutaneous balloon mitral valvuloplasty (PBMV)[经皮二尖瓣球囊扩张术]
       •transluminal extraction catheter(TEC)[经皮腔内切吸导管]
       •percutaneous transluminal septal myocardial ablation(PTSMA)[经皮经腔间隔心肌消融术]
       •percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA)[经皮腔内冠脉成形术]
       •acute left-sided heart failure [急性左心衰竭]
       •pulmonary (lung) edema[肺水肿]
       •chronic heart failure[慢性心衰]
       •systolic (diastolic) insufficiency heart failure[收缩（舒张）功能不全性心衰]
       •cardiac insufficiency (NYHA I-Ⅳ)[心功能不全（I~Ⅳ级）]
       •intractable heart failure[顽固性（难治性）心衰]
       •artificial cardiac pacing[人工心脏起搏]
       •subclavian steal syndrome[锁骨下动脉窃血综合征]
       •pulselessness disease[无脉症]
       •myocardial bridging[肌桥]
       •postpericardiostomy syndrome[心脏损伤后综合征]
       •cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR)[心肺复苏]
       •aortic arch syndrome[主动脉弓综合征]
       (2)呼吸内科疾病[lung diseases]•silicosis[矽肺]
       •acute (chronic) bronchitis[急（慢）性支气管炎]
       •tracheobronchitis[气管-支气管炎]
       •bronchial asthma[支气管哮喘]
       •status asthmatics[哮喘持续状态]
       •bronchiectasis[支气管扩张]
       •upper respiratory tract infection[上呼吸道感染]
       •lung fibrosis[肺纤维化]
       •allergic airway inflammation[变应反应性气道炎症]
       •bacterial (viral, mycoplasma, reckettsia, radiaton) pneumonia[细菌性（病毒性，支原体，立克次体，放射性）肺炎]
       •community acquited pneumonia(CAP)[社区获得性肺炎]
       •pneumococcal (staphylococcal, streptococcal, gram-negative bacillus) pneumonia[肺炎球菌（葡萄球菌，链球菌，革兰氏阴性杆菌）肺炎]
       •influenza (common cold)[流行性（普遍）感冒]
       •pulmonary candidiasis (aspergillosis, mucormycosis, histoplasmosis, actinomycosis, nocardiosis)[肺念球菌（曲菌、毛霉菌，组织胞浆菌，放线菌，奴长菌）病]
       •pulmonary mycosis[肺真菌病]
       •cryptococcosis[肺隐球菌病]
       •lung abscess[肺脓肿]
       •anaphylactic pneumonia (Leoffer`s syndrome)[过敏性肺炎（吕弗琉综合征）]
       •extrinsic allergic alveolitis[外源性过敏性肺泡炎]
       •pulmonary eosinophia(eosinophilosis)[肺嗜酸粒细胞浸润症]
       •chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)[慢性阻塞性肺病]
       •obstructive pulmonary emphysema[阻塞性肺气肿]
       •pulmonary embolism (PE)[肺栓塞]
       •pulmonary vascular thrombosis [肺血管血栓形成]
       •pulmonary edema[肺水肿]
       •respiratory failure (type I/II) [呼吸衰竭（I、II型）]
       •adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)[成人呼吸窘迫综合征]
       •lung (pulmonary) tuberculosis[肺结核]
       •miliary TB [粟粒性肺结核]
       •endobronchial tuberculosis[支气管内膜结核]
       •pulmonary alveolar proteinosis[胞泡蛋白沉积症]
       •pulmonary encephalopathy[肺性脑病]
       •sleep apnea syndrome[睡眠呼吸暂停综合征]
       •respiratory alkalosis (acidosis)[呼吸性碱（酸）中毒]
       •acute lung injury[急性肺损伤]
       •interstitial lung disease[间质性肺病]
       •dry (exudative) tuberculosis pleuritis (pleurisy)[干性（渗出性）结核性胸膜炎]
       •empyema[脓胸]
       •pleural effusion [胸腔积液]
       •Legionella pneumonia(LP)[军团菌肺炎]
       •drug-induced lung disease[药物性肺病]
       •sarcoidosis[结节病]
       •pneumothorax[气胸]
       •lung eosinophilic granuloma [肺嗜酸细胞肉芽肿]
       •primary mediastinal tumor[原发性纵隔肿瘤]
       •pleural mesothelioma[胸膜间皮瘤]
       •primary bronchogenic carcinoma[原发性支气管肺癌]
       •small cell lung cancer [小细胞肺癌]
       •metastatic tumor (carcinoma) of lung[肺结移瘤（癌）]
       •lung fibroma[肺纤维瘤]
       •undifferentiated carcinoma of lung[肺未分化癌]
       •paraneoplastio syndrome[副癌综合征]
       •bronchial adenoma[支气管腺瘤]
       •pulmonary hamartoma[肺错构瘤]
       •bronchogenic cyst [支气管囊肿]
       •amyloidosis[淀粉样变性]
       •middle lobe syndrome [肺中叶综合征]
       •cor pulmonale[肺心病]
       •pueumosclerosis[肺硬化]
       •lober atelectasis[肺叶不张]
       •pulmonary lobectomy[肺叶切除术]
       •pulmonary hypertension[肺高压]
       •angio-pneumography[肺血管造影术]
       •foreign body in lung[肺异物]
       •intratracheal foreign body[气管内异物]
       •hyaline membrane disease[肺透明膜病]
       •lung consolidation[肺实变]
       •lung sequestration[肺内隔离症]
       •tracheostomy (tracheotomy)[气管造口（切开）术]
       •endotracheal intubation[气管插管术]
       (3)消化内科疾病[GI diseases]•stenosis of esophagus[食管狭窄]
       •esophageal atresia[食道闭锁]
       •esophageal and gastric varices (varicosis) [食管-胃静脉曲张]
       •hiatus hernia[食管裂孔疝]
       •diverticulum of esophagus[食管憩室]
       •carcinoma of esophagus[食管癌]
       •reflux esophagitis[反流性食管炎]
       •esophageal achalasia[食道贲门失弛缓症]
       •esophageal perforation[食管穿孔]
       •benign esophageal tumor[食管良性肿瘤]
       •esophageal mucosa erosion[食管粘膜糜烂]
       •esophageal polyp[食管息肉]
       •foreign body in esophagus[食管异物]
       •congenital esophageal anomaly[食管先天性畸形]
       •Barrett esophagus [Barrett 食管]
       •acute simple (corrosive, phlegmonous, hemorrhagic erosive) gastritis[急性单纯性（腐蚀性，化脓性，糜烂出血性）胃炎]

•chronic superficial (atrophic,hypertrophic, erosive) gastritis[慢性浅表性（萎缩性，肥厚性，糜烂性）胃炎]
       •bile regurgitation gastritis[胆汁反流性胃炎]
       •peptic ulcer[消化性溃疡]医学全在线www.med126.com
       •gastric ulcer[胃溃疡]
       •prolapse of gastric mucosa[胃粘膜脱垂]
       •gastrinoma (zollinger-Ellison syndrome) [胃泌素瘤（卓-艾综合征）]
       •acute gastric dilation[急性胃扩张]
       •gastric retention[胃潴留]
       •postgastrectomy syndrome[胃切除术后综合征]
       •gastroduodenoscopy[胃十二指肠镜检查]
       •polyp of stomach (intestinal tract)[胃（肠道）息肉]
       •carcinoma (benign tumor, leiomyosarcoma, malignant lymphoma) of stomach[胃癌（良性肿瘤，平滑肌肉瘤，恶性淋巴瘤）]
       •foreign body of stomach [胃内异物]
       •dumping syndrome[倾倒综合征]
       •late postprandial hypoglycemia[餐后低血糖症]
       •stomal ulcer[吻合口溃疡]
       •syndrome of the gastric remnant[残胃综合征]
       •duodenal ulcer[十二指肠溃疡]
       •duodenitis[十二指肠炎]
       •upper (lower) gastrointestinal bleeding[上（下）消化道出血]
       •crohn disease[克隆病]
       •intestinal tuberculosis[肠结核]
       •acute hemorrhage necrotizing enteritis[急性出血性坏死性肠炎]
       •intestinal malabsorption syndrome[小肠吸收不良综合征]
       •enteric volvulus[小肠扭转]
       •small intestinal (duodenal) stasis syndrome[小肠（十二指肠）淤滞综合征]
       •adhesion of small intestine[小肠粘连]
       •short bowel syndrome[短肠综合征]
       •malignant (benign) tumor of small intestine[小肠恶（良）性肿瘤]
       •carcinoid tumor (carcinoid syndrome)[类癌（类癌综合征）]
       •intestinal fibroma (sarcoma, diverticulum, diverticulitis)[小肠纤维瘤（肉瘤，憩室，憩室炎）]
       •enteritis[小肠炎]
       •ulcerative colitis[溃疡性结肠炎]
       •intestinal obstruction[肠梗阻]
       •carcinoma of the colon (rectum)[结（直）肠癌]
       •gastrointestinal neurosis[胃肠神经宫能症]
       •irritable bowel syndrome[肠易激综合征]
       •motility diarrhea [肠运动功能异常性腹泻]
       •functional constipation (gastrointestinal disorders)[功能性便秘（胃肠病）]
       •functional dyspepsia [功能性消化不良]
       •intestinal allergic purpura[小肠过敏性紫癜]
       •tuberculous peritonitis[结核性腹膜炎]
       •chronic diarrhea[慢性腹泻]
       •inflammatory bowel disease (diarrhea)[炎症性肠病（腹泻）]
       •spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP)[自发性细菌性腹膜炎]
       •Helicobacter Pylori(HP)[幽门螺旋杆菌]
       •toxic magacolon [中毒性巨结肠]
       •acute (chronic) hepatitis[急（慢）性肝炎]
       •drug-induced liver disease[药物性肝病]
       •post hepatitis (schistosomal, alcoholic) cirrhosis[肝炎后（血吸虫性，酒精性）肝硬化]
       •nodular (biliary) cirrhosis[结节（胆汁）性肝硬化]
       •alcoholic liver disease [酒精性肝病]
       •primary carcinoma of the liver [原发性肝癌]
       •hepatocellular carcinoma[肝细胞癌]
       •hepatocellular jaundice[肝细胞性黄疸]
       •hepatic fibrosis[肝纤维化]
       •hepatic encephalopathy[肝性脑病]
       •hepatic cyst [肝囊肿]
       •carvernous hemangioma[海绵状血管瘤]
       •hepatic coma [肝性昏迷]
       •acute (chronic) hepatic failure [急（慢）性肝功能衰竭]
       •portal hypertension[门脉高压]
       •hepatorenal syndrome[肝肾综合征]
       •liver parasitosis (abscess, aneurysm, hamartoma)[肝寄生虫病（脓肿，动脉瘤，错构瘤）]
       •cholecystitis[胆囊炎]
       •cholelithiasis[胆囊结石]
       •cholecystic carcinoma[胆囊癌]
       •cholangiohepatoma[胆管细胞癌]
       •cholestatic jaundice[胆汁淤积性黄疸]
       •pancreatic cyst(pseudocyst)[胰腺（假性）囊肿]
       •pancreatitis[胰腺炎]
       •acute necrotising (interstitial) pancreatitis[急性坏死（水肿）型胰腺炎]
       •pancreatic carcinoma[胰腺癌]
       •insulinoma (gastrinoma)[胰岛素（胃泌素）瘤]
       •retroperitoneal tumor(abscess)[后腹膜肿瘤（脓肿）]
       •hypersplenism [脾亢]
       •fatty liver[脂肪肝]
       (4)神经内科疾病[neurological diseases]
       •optic neuritis[视神经炎]
       •trigeminal neuralgia[三叉神经痛]
       •facial neuritis[面神经炎]
       •meniere`s disease[美尼尔尼症]
       •polyneuritis[多发性神经炎]
       •sciatica(ischialgia)[坐骨神经痛]
       •garpal tunnel syndrome[腕管综合征]
       •acute (purulent) myelitis[急性（化脓性）脊髓炎]
       •syringomyelia[脊髓空洞症]
       •hereditary atexia[遗传性共济失调症]
       •compression of spinal cord[脊髓压迫症]
       •bifid spine[脊柱裂]
       •transverse injury of spinal cord[脊髓横贯性损伤]
       •poliomyelitis[脊髓灰质炎]
       •myelocyst[脊髓囊肿]
       •myelocele[脊髓膨出]
       •deformity of spine[脊柱畸形]
       •migraine[偏头痛]
       •vascular headache[血管性头痛]
       •headache due to muscular contraction[肌肉收缩性头痛]
       •traumatic headache[外伤性头痛]
       •epilepsy[癫痫]

•focal seizure[局限性发作]
       •grand mal[大发作]
       •petit mal[小发作]
       •status epilepticus[癫痫持续状态]
       •transient ischemic attack(TIA)[短暂脑缺血发作]
       •cerebral embolism(infarction, hemorrhage)[脑栓塞（梗塞，出血）]
       •subarachnoid hemorrhage(SAH)[蛛网膜下腔出血]
       •encephalitis (encephalopathy)[脑炎（脑病）]
       •delayed neuropathy (encephalopathy)[迟发性神经病（脑病）]
       •meningitis[脑膜炎]
       •cerebral echinococcosis[脑包虫病]
       •cerebral aneurysm[脑动脉瘤]
       •hydrocephalus[脑积水]
       •cerebroma[脑瘤]
       •cerebromalacia[脑软化]
       •intracerebral hematoma[脑内血肿]
       •concussion of brain[脑震荡]
       •postconcussion syndrome[脑震荡后综合征]
       •neuroglioma[神经胶质瘤]
       •meningioma[脑膜瘤]
       •neurofibroma [神经纤维瘤]
       •neurinoma[神经鞘瘤]
       •brain abscess[脑脓肿]
       •intracranial hypertension[颅内高压]
       •Parkinson`s disease(paralysis agitans)[帕金森氏病（震颤麻痹）]
       •hepatolenticular degeneration [肝豆状核变性]
       •athetosis[手足徐动症]
       •spasmodic torticollis[痉挛性斜颈]
       •myasthenia gravis[重症肌无力]
       •periodic paralysis[周期性麻痹]
       •progressive muscular dystrophy[进行性肌营养不良症]
       •Bell paralysis[贝耳氏面瘫]
       •chorea minor (rheumatic caorea) [小舞蹈病]
       •polymyositis[多发性肌炎]
       •inclusion body myositis[包涵体肌炎]
       •dermatomositis[皮肌炎]
       •Hypothalamus syndrome[下丘脑综合征]
       (5)血液科疾病[hematological diseases]
       •iron deficiency (megaloblastic, aplastic, hemolytic) anemia[缺铁性（巨幼细胞性，再生障碍性，溶血性）贫血]
       •pernicious (refeactory) anemia[恶性（难治性）贫血]
       •paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH)[阵发性睡眠性血红蛋白尿]
       •hereditary spherocytosis[遗传性球形细胞增多症]
       •favism[蚕豆病]医学全在线网站www.med126.com
       •thalassemia[地中海贫血]
       •sickle cell disease[镰刀细胞病]
       •methemoglobinemia[高铁血红蛋白血症]
       •hemolytic disease of newborn[新生儿溶血症]
       •autoimmune hemolytic anemia (ATH)[自身免疫性溶血性贫血]
       •post-hemorrhagic anemia[失血性贫血]
       •leukopenia (agranulocytosis)[白（粒）细胞减少（缺乏）症]
       •polycythemia vera [真性红细胞增多症]
       •eosinophilia[嗜酸性粒细胞增多症]
       •hereditary spherocytosis[遗传性球形红细胞增多症]
       •acute (chronic) myelocytic (lymphocytic) leukemia [急（慢）性粒（淋巴）细胞性白血病]
       •acute non-lymphocytic leukemia (ANLL)[急性非淋巴细胞性白血病]
       •acute monocytic leukemia [急性单核细胞性白血病]
       •acute promyelocytic leukemia[急性早幼粒细胞性白血病]
       •chloroma[绿色瘤]
       •plasma-cell(megakaryocytic) leukemia[浆（巨核）细胞性白血病]
       •hairy cell leukemia[多毛细胞白血病]
       •preleukemia[白血病前期]
       •leukemoid reaction[类白血病反应]
       •myelofibrosis[骨髓纤维化]
       •McCune-Albright syndrome[多发性骨纤维营养不良]
       •primary thrombocythemia[原发性血小板增多症]
       •Hodgkin disease[何杰金氏病]
       •non-Hodgkin lymphoma[非何杰金氏淋巴瘤]
       •multiple myeloma(MM)[多发性骨髓瘤]
       •eosinophilic granuloma[嗜酸性肉芽肿]
       •malignant histiocytosis[恶性组织细胞病]
       •hypersplenism[脾功能亢进症]
       •anaphylactoid (Henoch-Schonlein) purpura[过敏性紫癜]
       •idiopathic (selondary) thrombocytopenic purpura(ITP)[原发（继发）性血小板减少性紫癜]
       •hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia[遗传性出血性毛细血管扩张]
       •thrombasthenia (thrombopathia)[血小板无力症（病）]
       •von Willebrand disease (VWD)[血管性假血友病]
       •hereditary (acquired) hypofibrinogenemia[遗传性（获得性）纤维蛋白原缺乏症]
       •disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)[弥漫性血管内凝血]
       •myelodysplastic syndrome[骨髓增生异常综合征]
       •myeloproliferation disease[骨髓增生性疾病]
       •osteoporosis (OP) [骨质疏松症]
       •heterogenous (autologous) bone marrow transplantation[异体（自体）骨髓移位]
       •hemapoietic stem cell (cord blood) transplantation (HSCT)[造血干细胞（脐血）移植]
       •hypercoagulable states (hypercoagulability)[高凝状态]
       (6)肾内科疾病[nephrological diseases]
       •multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS)[多器官功能障碍综合征]
       •acute renal failure pre-renal (post-renal)[肾前（后）性急性肾衰]
       •（non）oliguric acute renal failure[（非）少尿型急性肾衰]
       •acute tublar necrosis[急性肾小管坏死]
       •chronic renal failure[慢性肾衰]
       •uremia[尿毒症]
       •azotemia[氮质血症]
       •acute(chronic)nephritis(glomerulonephritis)[急性(慢性)肾炎（肾小球肾炎）]
       •crescentric glomerulonephritis[新月体性肾炎]
       •pulmonary-renal (Goodpasture )syndrome[肺出血肾炎综合征]
       •latent (focal) glomerulonephritis[隐匿（局灶）性肾炎]
       •malignant arteriolar nephrosclerosis[恶性肾小动脉硬化]
       •rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis[急进性肾小球肾炎]
       •proliferative (sclerosing) glomerulonephritis[增生性（硬化性）肾炎]
       •mesangial proliferative (capillary) glomerulonephritis[系膜增生性（毛细血管性）肾炎]
       •membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis[系膜增生性肾炎]
       •hereditary nephritis[遗传性肾炎]
       •interstitial nephritis[间质性肾炎]
       •endocapillary proliferative glomerulonephritis[毛细血管内增生性肾小球肾炎]
       •tubulointerstitial nephritis[肾小管间质性肾炎]
       •membranous nephropathy[膜性肾病]
       •nephrotic syndrome[肾病综合征]
       •renal artery stenosis (embolism)[肾动脉狭窄（栓塞）]
       •renal vein thrombosis[肾静脉血栓形成]
       •renal tubular acidosis[肾小管性酸中毒]
       •nephrogenic diabetes insipidus[肾性尿崩症]
       •Pyelonephritis [肾盂肾炎]
       •polycystic kidney[多囊肾]
       •nephrolithiasis[肾积石]
       •diabetic(hypertensive,lupus) nephropathy[糖尿病（高血压，狼疮）性肾病]
       •minimal change nephropathy[微小病变性肾病]
       •hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS)[溶血性尿毒症综合征]
       （7）内分泌科疾病[endocrine diseases]
       •hypothalamus (empty sella) syndrome[下丘脑（空泡蝶鞍）综合征]
       •hypopituitarism[腺垂体功能减退症]
       •pituitary dwarfism[垂体性侏儒症]
       •hypothalamic-pituitary amenorrhea[下丘脑-垂体性闭经]
       •Simons (Sheenhan) disease[西蒙（席汉）氏病]
       •gigantism (acromegaly)[巨人（肢端肥大）症]
       •pituitary tumor[垂体瘤]
       •central diabetes insipidus[中枢性尿崩症]
       •adrenal crisis (acute adrenocortical hypofunction)[肾上腺危象（急性肾上腺皮质功能减退症）]
       •Addison’s disease(chronic adrenocortical hypofunction)[阿狄森氏病（慢性肾上腺皮质功能减退症）]
       •congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH)[先天性肾上腺皮质增生]
       •syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH)[抗利尿激素不适当分泌综合征]
       •Cushing syndrome (hypercortisolism)[柯兴氏综合征（皮质醇增多症）]
       •primary (secondary) aldosteronism[原（继）发性醛固酮增多症]
       •pheochromocytoma[嗜铬细胞瘤]

•hyperthyroidism(hypothyroidism)[甲亢（甲减）]
       •subclinical hyperthyroidism[亚临床甲亢]
       •simple (toxic diffuse, toxic multinodular) toiter[单纯性（毒性弥漫性，毒性多结节性）甲状腺肿]
       •autonomic hyperfunctional adenoma[自主性功能亢进性甲状腺瘤]
       •T3(T4)-thgrotoxicosis [T3 (T4)型甲亢]
       •acute (chronic lymphocytic, subacute) thyroiditis[急性（慢性淋巴细胞性，亚急性）甲状腺炎]
       •Hashimoto thyroiditis[桥本甲状腺炎]
       •thyroid adenoma (carcinoma, nodule)[甲状腺腺瘤（癌，结节）]
       •hyper (hypo) thyroid heart disease[甲亢（减）性心脏病]
       •thyrotoxic myopathy (exophthalmos,encephalopathy)[甲状腺素毒性肌病（突眼，脑病）]
       •thyrotoxic (parathyroid) crisis[甲状（旁）腺危象]
       •hyperthyroidsim crisis[甲亢危象]
       •hypo-(hyper-) parathyroidism[甲状旁腺功能减退（亢进）]
       •total (subtotal, partial) thyroidectomy[甲状腺全部（次全，部分）切除术]
       •goitrous cretinism[甲状腺肿呆小症]
       •thyreoprival tetany[甲状腺切除后手足搐搦]
       •premenstrual tension[经前紧张症]
       •menopausal syndrome[绝经期综合征]
       •oophoritic (ovarian) polycyst[卵巢多发性囊肿]
       •pinealoma (pinealocytoma)[松果体瘤]
       •gynaecomastia[男性乳房发育症]
       •diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)[糖尿病酮症酸中毒]
       •diabetic hyperosmotic coma[糖尿病高渗性昏迷]
       •nonketotic hyperosmolar diabetic coma[糖尿病非酮症高渗性昏迷]
       •lactic acidosis[乳酸性酸中毒]
       •diabetic microangiopathy (macroangiopathy, nephropathy)[糖尿病性微血管病变（大血管病变，肾病）]
       •hypoglycemia[低血糖症]
       •glucagonoma[胰高糖素瘤]
       •β-cell tumor of pancrease islet[胰岛β细胞瘤]
       •insulinoma [胰岛素瘤]
       •hepatogenous (alcoholic, reactive, drug-induced) hypoglycemia[肝源性（酒精性，反应性，药物性）低血糖]
       •insulin resistance syndrome[胰岛素抵抗综合征]
       •obesity[肥胖症]
       •glycogen storage disease[糖原累积病]
       •xanthoma[黄色瘤]
       •gout (hyperuricemia) [痛风（高尿酸血症）]
       •porphyria [血卟啉病]
       •hemochromatosis[血色病]
       •amyloidosis[淀粉样变性]
       •osteoporosis[骨质疏松]
       •hyperlipoproteinemia[高脂蛋白血症]
       •hypercholesterolemia[高胆固醇血症]
       •hypertriglyceridemia[高甘油三酯血症]
       •hyperlipemia[高脂血症]
       •rheumatoid arthritis[类风湿性关节炎]
       •still disease[幼年型类风关]
       •Felty (Reiter) syndrome[弗尔提（赖特尔）综合征]
       •systemic (discoid) lupus erythematosus (SLE/DLE)[系统性（盘型）红斑狼疮]
       •dermatomyositis[皮肌炎]
       •systemic vasculitis[系统性血管炎]
       •Sjogren`s syndrome [干燥综合征]
       •ankylosing spondylitis[强直性脊柱炎]
       •seronegative spondyloarthropathy[血清阴性脊柱关节病]
       •scleroderma[硬皮病]
       •polyarteritis[结节性多动脉炎]
       •Wegener`s granulomatosis[韦格纳肉芽肿]
       •candidiasis-endocrinopathy syndrome[念珠菌-内分泌病综合征]
       •abnormal glucose tolerance[糖耐量异常]
       •psoriatic arthritis[银屑病关节炎]
       (8)精神病科疾病[psychosis]
       •mental disturbance[精神障碍]
       •general paralysis of insanity[麻痹性痴呆]
       •infective (toxic, physical) psychosis[感染性（中毒性，躯体性）精神病]
       •somopsychosis[躯体性精神病]
       •senile (presenile) dementia [老年性（老年前期）痴呆]
       •Traumatic psychosis [外伤性精神病]
       •schizophrenia[精神分裂症]
       •menic-depression (affective psychosis)[狂躁抑郁症（情感性精神病）]
       •involutional melancholia[更年期忧郁症]
       •menopausal syndrome[更年期综合征]
       •reactive (psychogenic) psychosis[反应性（心因性）精神病]
       •paranoid psychosis (paranoia, paranoid)[偏执性精神病（偏执狂，类偏执狂）]
       •neurosis (nervous exhausation) [神经官能症（神经衰弱）]
       •anxiety (obsession) [焦虑（强迫）症]
       •hysteria[癔症]医学全在线网站www.med126.com
       •mental retardation (obigophrenia)[精神发育不全]
       •offective disorder[情感障碍]
       •anorexia nervosa[神经性厌食]
       •anxious mania[焦虑性躁狂]
       •aquaphobia[恐水症]
       •concussion of brain[脑震荡]
       •dilirious mania[谵妄性躁狂]
       •organic (inborn, traumatic) dementia[器质性（先天性，外伤性）痴呆]
       •fugue[神游症]
       •fetishism[恋物癖]
       •exhibitionism[露阴癖]
       •voyeurism[窥淫癖]
       •transvestism[易装癖]
       •pica[异食症]
       •schizoid personality[人格分裂]
       (9)皮肤科疾病[skin diseases]
       •contact (autosensitive, allergic, seborreic, atopic, diaper, infections eczematoid, light sensitive) dermatitis[接触性（自身致敏性，过敏性，脂溢性，遗传过敏性，尿布，传染性湿疹样，光敏性）皮炎]
       •eczema[湿疹]
       •acute (chronic) urticaria[急（慢）性荨麻疹]
       •papular urticaria[丘疹性荨麻疹]
       •cold (factitial, pressure, solar) urticaria[冷性（人工性，压迫性，日光性）荨麻疹]
       •dermatographism[皮肤划痕症]
       •angioedema[血管性水肿]
       •dermatomyositis[皮肌炎]
       •discoid (systemic) lupus erythematosus[盘状（系统性）红斑狼疮]
       •foot and mouth disease[口蹄病]
       •drug eruption[药疹]
       •common warts (verruca planae, condyloma acuminata)[寻常（扁平，尖锐湿）疣]
       •herpes simplex[单纯疱疹]
       •herpes zoster[带状疱疹]
       •impetigo bullosa[大疱性脓疱疮]
       •impetigo vulgaris[寻常脓疱疮]
       •folliculitis[毛囊炎]
       •furuncle[疖]
       •leprosy[麻风病]
       •skin tuberculosis[皮肤结核]
       •erysipelas (erysipeloid) [（类）丹毒]
       •candidiasis[念珠菌病]
       •tinea capitis(corporis, cruris, manus, pedis, versicolor)[头（体，股，手，足，甲）癣]
       •primary (secondary, tertiary) syphilis[一（二、三）期梅毒]
       •acquired (congenital) syphilis[获得（先天）性梅毒]
       •scabies[疥疮]
       •bee sting[蜂螫]
       •mite dermatitis[螨皮炎]
       •gaterpillar dermatitis[毛虫皮炎]
       •pruritus[瘙痒症]
       •neurodermatitis[神经性皮炎]
       •psoriasis [银屑病]
       •erythema multiform[多形性红斑]
       •lichen planus[扁平苔癣]
       •solar dermatitis[日光皮炎]
       •miliaria rubra[痱子]
       •pernio[冻疮]
       •clavus (callus)[鸡眼（胼胝）]
       •rhagadia manus et pedis[手足皲裂]
       •radiodermatitis[放射性皮炎]
       •ichthyosis[鱼鳞病]
       •keratoderma (keratosis)[角化病]
       •erythema nodosum[结节性红斑]
       •allergic purpura[过敏性紫癜]
       •circumscribed (diffuse) scleroderma[局限（弥漫）性硬皮病]
       •mixed connective tissue disease[混合性结缔组织病]
       •pemphigus (pemphigoid) [(类)天疱疮]
       •acne[痤疮]
       •rosacea[酒渣鼻]

•anhidrosis (dyshidrosis, hyperhidrosis, bromidrosis)[无汗症（出汗不良，多汗症，腋臭）]
       •canities[白发]
       •alopecia areata (totalis)[斑（全）秃]
       •freckles (chloasma) [雀（黄褐）斑]
       •vitiligo [白癜疯]
       •nevus pigmentosus[色素痣]
       •mixed (intradermal) naevus [混合（皮内）痣]
       •hemangioma cavernosum[海锦状血管瘤]
       •leukoplakia[粘膜白斑]
       •squamous cell carcinome in situ [原位癌]
       •Paget`s disease[湿疹样癌]
       •basal cell carcinoma[基底细胞癌]
       •granuloma[肉芽肿]
       •squamous cell carcinoma[鳞状细胞癌]
       •allergic (nodular, systemic) vasculitis[过敏（结节，系统）性血管炎]
       •ulcer [溃疡]医学全在.线提供
       •tuberous sclerosis[结节性硬化症]
       •thrush [鹅口疮]
       •Behcet`s syndrome[白塞（口-眼-生殖器）综合征]
       •sunburn[晒斑]
       •steatocystoma multiplex[多发性皮脂囊肿]
       •roseola[玫瑰疹]
       •pretibial myxedema[胫前粘液性水肿]
       •paronychia[甲沟炎]
       •melasma[黄褐斑]
       •lipoid proteinosis[类脂蛋白沉积症]
       •livedo reticularis[网状青斑]
       •hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia[遗传性出血性毛细血管扩张症]
       •hirsutism (hypotrichosis)[多（少）毛症]
       (10)传染科疾病[infectious diseases]
       •healthy (chronic, permanent, temporary) carrier[健康（慢性，终身，暂时）带菌者]
       •bacteremia (septicemia, pyemia, toxemia)[菌（败，脓毒，毒）血症]
       •septic shock [感染性休克]
       •upper respiratory infection (influenza, common cold)[上呼吸道感染（流感，普通感冒）]
       •viral myocarditis (pneumonia)[病毒性心肌炎（肺炎）]
       •double (cross, general) infection[双重（交叉，全身）感染]
       •chickenpox (varicella)[水痘]
       •rubella (German mealses)[风疹]
       •measles[麻疹]
       •smallpox (variola)[天花]
       •herpes simplex (zoster)[单纯（带状）疱疹]
       •infectious lymphocytosis [传染性淋巴细胞增多症]
       •infectious mononucleosis[传染性单核细胞增多症]
       •acute viral (chronic persistent, fulminant, chronic, chronic active) hepatitis[急性病毒性（慢性迁延性，暴发性，慢性，慢性活动性）肝炎]
       •icteric (anicteric) hepatitis[（非）黄疸型肝炎]
       •viral hepatitis type A(B,C,D,E,non A and non B)[甲（乙，丙，丁，戊，非甲非乙）型肝炎]
       •Dengue (Dengue hemorrhagic, epidemic hemorrhagic) fever[登革（登革出血，流行性出血）热]
       •relapsing (rat-bite)fever[回归（鼠咬）热]
       •Q (yellow, lassa ,scarlet) fever [Q （黄，拉沙，猩红）热]
       •rabbit fever (tularemia)[ 兔热病]
       •foot-mouth disease[口蹄病]
       •forest (influenzal) encephalitis[森林（流感性）脑炎]
       •panencephalitis[全脑炎]
       •epidemic encephalitis B[流行性乙脑]
       •poliomyelitis[脊髓灰质炎]
       •meningitis[脑膜炎]
       •epidemic myalgia[流行性肌痛]
       •viral (human rotaviral) enteritis[病毒性（人轮状病毒性）肠炎]
       •epidemic parotitis (mumps)[流行性腮腺炎]
       •roseola infantum [婴儿玫瑰疹]
       •infantile diarrhea[婴儿腹泻]
       •rabies (hydrophobia) [狂犬病（恐水症）]
       •scrub typhus (tsatsugamushi disease)[恙虫病]
       •acute streptococcal tonsillitis[急性链球菌性扁桃体炎]
       •pertussis (whooping cough)[百日咳]
       •laryngeal (pharyngeal) diphtheria [喉（咽）白喉]
       •cholera[霍乱]
       •bacillary dysentery[菌痢]
       •anthrax[炭疽病]
       •anaerobic infection[厌氧菌感染]
       •kuru[库鲁病]
       •leptospirosis[钩端螺旋体病]
       •mycoplasma pneumonia[支原体肺炎]
       •syphilis[梅毒]
       •Lyme disease[莱姆病]
       •rickettsia disease[立克次体病]
       •epidemic (endemic) typhus[流行（地方）性斑疹伤寒]
       •typhoid (paratyphoid) [伤寒（副伤寒）]
       •botulism[肉毒中毒]
       •bacterial food poisoning[细菌性食物中毒]
       •plague [ 鼠疫]
       •tetanus[破伤风]
       •leprosy[麻风]
       •trachoma [沙眼]
       •yaws[雅司]
       •pulmonary (bronchial, lymph node, intestinal, liver, renal, skin) tuberculosis[肺（支气管，淋巴结，肠，肝，肾，皮肤）结核]
       •tuberculous peritonitis (meningitis, pleurisy)[结核性腹膜（脑膜，胸膜）炎]
       •aspergillosis[曲霉菌病]
       •deep candidiasis[深部念珠菌病]
       •cryptococcosis[隐球菌病]
       •mucormycosis[毛霉菌病]
       •mycosis[真菌病]
       •tinea[癣]
       •actinomycosis[放射菌病]
       •amebic liver abscess[阿米巴肝脓肿]
       •intestinal amebiasis[阿米巴肠病]
       •malaria[疟疾]
       •kala-azar[黑热病]
       •schistosomiasis[血吸虫病]
       •fasciolopsiasis[姜片虫病]
       •paragonimiasis[肺吸虫病]
       •taeniasis[绦虫病]
       •cysticercosis[囊虫病]
       •echinococciasis[包虫病]
       •filariasis[丝虫病]
       •ascariasis[蛔虫病]
       •enterobiasis[蛲虫病]
       •trichuriasis[鞭虫病]
       (11)普外科疾病[surgical diseases]
       •furuncle (carbuncle)[疖（痈）]
       •cellulitis (abscess)[蜂窝织炎（脓肿）]
       •lymphangitis (lymphadenitis)[淋巴管（结）炎]
       •paronychia[甲沟（周）炎]
       •subungual abscess[甲下脓肿]
       •tenosynovitis[腱鞘炎]
       •dry (moist,gas) gangrene[干（湿，气）性坏疽]
       •necrosis (ulcer)[坏死（溃疡）]
       •sinus (fistula)[窦道（瘘）]
       •wart (cyst)[疣（囊肿）]
       •fibroma (neurofibrom)[（神经）纤维瘤]
       •imperforatus (atresia)[闭锁]
       •stenosis[狭窄]
       •dipoma (hemangioma)[脂肪（血管）瘤]
       •nevus (melanoma)[黑痣（黑色素瘤）]
       •thyroglossal cyst [甲状舌骨囊肿]
       •tuberculosis of cervical lymph node[颈淋巴结结核]
       •thyroid adenoma (carcinoma)[甲状腺腺瘤（癌）]
       •nodular goiter[结节性甲状腺肿]
       •tracheo-esophageal fistula[气管-食管瘘]
       •esophageal atresia (cicatricial stricture of esophagus) [食管闭锁（疤痕性狭 
         窄）]医学全.在线.网.站.提供
       •esophageal adenoma (polyp,fibroma,leiomyoma)[食管腺瘤（息肉，纤维瘤，  
         平滑肌瘤）]
       •carcinoma of esophagus[食管癌]
       •cyst of sebaceous gland[皮脂腺囊肿]
       •fibrosarcoma [纤维肉瘤]
       •adenocarcinoma[腺癌]
       •direct (indirect) inguinal herina[腹股沟直（斜）疝]
       •femoral (umbilical,incisional, internal)hernia[股（脐，切口，腹内）疝]
       •acute (tuberculous) peritonitis[急性（结核性）腹膜炎]
       •subphrenic (pelvis) abscess[膈下（盆腔）脓肿]
       •retroperitoneal abscess(tumor)[后腹膜脓肿（肿瘤）]
       •abscess of iliac fossa[髂窝脓肿]
       •torsion of omentum [大网膜扭转]
       •gastric (duodenal) ulcer[胃（十二指肠）溃疡]
       •acute perforation (massive hemorrhage)[急性穿孔（大出血）]
       •pyloric obstruction[幽门梗阻]
       •polyp (adenoma, papilloma, carcinoma) of stomach[胃息肉（腺瘤，乳头状
         腺瘤，癌）]
       •gastric sarcoma[胃肉瘤]
       •acute dilatation of stomach [急性胃扩张]
       •ulcerative colitis [溃疡性结肠炎]
       •acute necrotizing enteritis [急性坏死性肠炎]
       •adhesive (adynamic, complete, incomplete, high ,low, mechanical,  
         strangnlating, simple) obstruction of intestiine[粘连性（麻痹性，完全性，
         不完全性，高位，低位，机械性，狭窄性，单纯性）肠梗阻]        
       •intussusception (volvulus)[肠套叠（扭转）]
       •mesenterin embolism (thrombosis)[肠系膜动脉栓塞（静脉血栓形成）]
       •duodental (gastric, small intestinal) diverticulum (diverticulitis)[十二指肠
        （胃、小肠）憩室（炎）]
       •prolapse of gastric mucosa[胃粘膜脱垂症]
       •benign (malignant) tumor of small intestine[小肠良（恶）性肿瘤]
       •carcinoid of small intestine[小肠类癌]
       •colic polyposis[结肠息肉病]
       •intestinal fistula[肠瘘]
       •actue simple (suppurative, gangrenous) appendicitis[急性单纯性（化脓性，
         坏疽性）阑尾炎]
       •congenital megacolon [先天性巨结肠]
       •anal fissure (fistula)[肛裂（瘘）]
       •perianal abscess[肛周脓肿]
       •cryptitis[隐窝炎]医学全.在线网.站.提供
       •external (internal) hemorrhoids[外（内）痔]
       •prolapse (polyp, carcinoma)of rectum[直肠脱垂（息肉，癌）]
       •Crohn`s disease[克隆病]
       •cavernous hemangioma(carcinoma) of liver[肝海绵状血管瘤（癌）]
       •portal hypertension[门脉高压]
       •acute (chronic) cholecystitis[急（慢）性胆囊炎]
       •cholelithiasis (choledocholithiasis) [胆囊（胆总管）结石]
       •stone in intrahepatic bile duct [肝内胆管结石]
       •acute obstructive suppurative cholangitis[急性梗阻性化脓性胆管炎]
       •ascariasis of the biliary tract[胆道蛔症]
       •carcinoma of gallbladder (bile duct)[胆囊（胆管）癌]
       •acute (chronic) pancreatitis[急（慢）性胰腺炎]
       •edematous (hemorrhagic necrotizing) pancreatitis[水肿性（出血坏死性）胰
         腺炎]
       •cyst (carcinoma) of pancreas[胰腺囊肿（癌）]
       •rupture of spleen[脾破裂]
       •abscess (cyst) of spleen[脾脓肿（囊肿）]
       •splenomegaly and hypersplenism[脾肿大和脾亢]
       •aneurysm[动脉瘤]
       •arteriovenous fistula[动静脉瘘]
       •varicose vein (lymphedema) of lower extremity[下肢静脉曲张（淋巴水肿）]
       •phlebothrombosis (thrombophlebitis)[静脉血栓形成（血栓性静脉炎）]
       •thromboangitis obliterans [血栓闭塞性脉管炎]
       •Raynaud disease[雷诺氏病]
       (12)胸外科疾病[diseases of thoracic surgery]
       •hemothorax(pneumothorax, hemopneumothorax)[血（气，血气）胸]
       •pneumoderma (aerodermectasia)[皮下气肿]
       •chylothorax[乳糜胸]
       •empyema thoracis[脓胸]
       •emphysema of mediastinum[纵隔气肿]
       •closed(open, tension) pneumothorax[闭合（开放，张力）性气胸]
       •hemopericardium[血心包]
       •pericardial tamponade[心包填塞]
       •aortic aneurysm[主动脉动脉瘤]
       •pectus excavatum (carinatum)[漏斗（鸡）胸]
       •pulmonary cyst (abscess, gangrene, tuberculosis)[肿囊肿（脓肿，坏疽，结
         核）]医学.全在.线www.med126.com
       •carcinoma (hamartoma, hydatid disease) of lung[肺癌（错构瘤，包虫病）]
       •constrictive pericarditis[缩窄性心包炎]
       •congenital heart disease[先天性心脏病]
       •patent ductus arteriosus (PDA)[动脉导管未闭]
       •auricular (ventricular) septal defect(ASD/VSD) [房（室）间隔缺损]
       •endocardial cushion defect [心内膜垫缺损]
       •coarctation of aorta [主动脉缩窄]
       •rheumatic heart disease[风湿性心脏病]
       •pulmonary (mitral, aortic, tricuspid) stenosis (regurgitation)[肺动脉（二尖，
         主动脉，三尖）瓣狭窄（关闭不全）]
       •dilated (hypertrophic) cardiomyopathy[扩张（肥厚）型心肌病]
       •stenosis of right ventricular outflow tract[右室流出道狭窄]
       •coronary fistula[冠脉瘘]
       •transposition of great artery [大动脉转位]
       •double outlet of right ventricle [右室双出口]
       •Ebstein`s anomaly[爱勃斯坦畸形]
       •Eisenmenger`s (Budd-Chiari`s, Lutembacher`s) syndrome[爱森曼格（布-加，
         鲁登巴哈）氏综合征]
       •trilogy (tetralogy) of Fallot [法乐氏三（四）联症]
       •coronary artery disease (CAD)[冠心病]
       •carcinoma of esophagus [食管癌]
       •esophagocele[食道疝]
       •esohageal diverticulum[食管憩室]
       •thymoma [胸腺瘤]
       •tumor of mediastinum[纵隔肿瘤]
       •diaphragmatic hernia[膈疝]
       (13)骨科和创伤外伤疾病[diseases of orthopedics and trauma]
       •complete (incomplete, closed, open, habitual, pathologic) dislocation[完全性
        （不完全性，闭合，开放，习惯性，病理性）脱位]
       •dislocation of elbow (hip) joint [肘（髋）关节脱位]
       •dislocation of shoulder[肩关节脱位]
       •closed (open, compression, epiphysial, stress, impacted, multiple,
         pathological)fracture[闭合性（开放性，压缩性，骨骺，疲劳，嵌入性，
         多发性，病理性）骨折]
       •fracture of humeral shaft (head)[肱骨干（头）骨折]
       •fracture of scapula[肩胛骨骨折]
       •clavicular fracture [锁骨骨折]
       •Smith fracture [史密斯骨折]
       •fracture of the femoral neck (shaft) [股骨颈（干）骨折]
       •fracture of patella [髌骨骨折]
       •fracture of sacrum (coccyx,pubis)[骶骨（尾骨，耻骨）骨折]
       •acute (chronic, pyogenic) osteomyelitis[急（慢，化脓）性骨髓炎]
       •bone tuberculosis [骨结核]
       •rheumatoid (traumatic) arthritis [类风湿（外伤性）性关节炎]
       •gout[痛风]
       •osteomalacia[骨质软化病]
       •rickets[佝偻病]
       •genu varum (valgum)[膝内（外）翻]
       •wry neck (torticollis)[斜颈]
       •spina bifida manifesta(occulta)[显（隐）性脊柱裂]
       •syndactylia (polydactylia) [并（多）指（趾）]
       •flat foot [平足]
       •scoliosis[脊柱侧凸]
       •aseptic necrosis[无菌性坏死]
       •scapulohumeral periarthritis[肩周炎]
       •rupture of tendon[肌腱断裂]
       •neurological (skin, soft tissue, vascular) injury[神经（皮肤，软组织，血管）
         损伤]
       •ischemic contracture[缺血性肌挛缩]
       •tennis player`s elbow[网球运动员肘]
       •synovitis (bursitis)[滑膜（滑囊）炎]
       •ligamentous sprain (strain, avulsion tear)[韧带扭伤（劳损，撕脱伤，撕裂
         伤）]
       •seperation of the symphysis pubis [耻骨联合分离]
       •fragility of bone[脆骨病]
       •osteoma (chondroma)[骨（软骨）瘤]
       •osteochondroma (osteoid osteoma)[骨软骨瘤（骨样骨瘤）]
       •bone cyst[骨囊肿]
       •osteoblastoma (osteoclastoma)[成（破）骨细胞瘤]
       •chondroblastoma[成软骨细胞瘤]
       •giant-cell tumor of bone[骨巨细胞瘤]
       •osteosarcoma (chondrosarcoma)[（软）骨肉瘤]
       •fibrosarcoma of bone[骨纤维肉瘤]
       •hemangioma[血管瘤]
       •multiple myeloma(MM)[多发性骨髓瘤]
       •metastatic tumor of bone[转移性骨肿瘤]
       •congenital deformity[先天性畸形]
       •Marfan`s syndrome [马凡氏综合征]
       •obstetic (cerebral) palsy[产伤性（大脑性）瘫]
       •osteoporosis[骨质疏松]
       •ankylosing spondylitis[强直性脊柱炎]
       •cervical spondylosis[颈椎病]
       •chondrophyte [软骨疣]
       •disc degeneration [椎间盘退行性病变]
       •degenerative joint disease[退行性关节病变]
       •frozen shoulder[冻肩]
       •ganglion[腱鞘囊肿]
       •osteoarthrosis[骨关节病]
       •sciatica[坐骨神经痛]
       •carpal tunnel syndrome[腕管综合征]
       •tenosynovitis[腱鞘炎]
       •trigger finger[板机指]
       •acromegaly[肢端肥大症]
       •Kaschin-Back disease[大骨节病]
       •hemarthrosis[关节积血]
       •cold(paravertebral, psoas, soft tissue, sub-periosteal)abscess[冷（椎旁，腰大
         肌，软组织，骨膜下）脓肿]
       •contusion (sprain, abrasion, concussion, avulsion, laceration)[挫（扭，擦，
         震荡，撕脱，裂）伤]
       •crush (cold) injury [挤压（冻）伤]
       •punctured (penetrating, perforating, incised) wound [刺（穿入，贯通，割）
         伤]
       •rabies[狂犬病]
       •tetanus [破伤风]
       •snake bite[蛇咬伤]
       •first (second, third) degree burn[一(二，三)度烧伤]
       •electric (chemical) burn[电（化学）烧伤]
       •fracture of skull[颅骨骨折]
       •cerebral concussion (contusion)[脑震荡（挫伤）]
       •open(closed) trauma[开放（闭合）性外伤]
       •intestinal trauma (injury)[肠外伤]
       •liver (pancreas) injury[肝（胰腺）外伤]
       •rupture of spleen(kidney)[脾（肾）破裂]
       来源：医学全在线