（五）
   To: SOLA Chief Editor
   Division of Geoenvironmental Sciences
   University of Tsukuba
   Tsukuba 305-8572, JAPAN
   E-Mail: sola@sakura.cc.tsukuba.ac.jp
   Dear Sirs,
   I am sending herewith a copy of the manuscript, which I would like to submit to SOLA, the Electronic Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan.
   The paper is entitled:
   Energy Spectrum Proportional to the Squared Phase Speed of
   Rossby Modes in the General Circulation of the Atmosphere
   by H. L. Tanaka, Yasushi Watarai, and Takahiro Kanda.
   Copy of the Abstract:
   In this study, energy spectrum of the large-scale atmospheric motions is examined in the framework of the 3D normal mode decomposition. The horizontal scale of disturbance is measured by the phase speed of a Rossby mode c. According to the analysis result for the barotropic component of the atmosphere, we obtain a characteristic energy spectrum with distinct slopes for the turbulence and wave regimes separated by the spherical Rhines speed. In order to explain the observational finding that the energy spectrum is proportional to c^2, we put forward a hypothesis based on the criterion of Rossby wave breaking such that the local meridional gradient of potential vorticity becomes negative, dq/dy < 0, somewhere in the domain. With a constant m describing a total mass of the atmosphere for unit area, we have shown that the barotropic energy spectrum of the general circulation E can be represented as E=mc^2.
   Corresponding Author:
   Dr. Hiroshi L. Tanaka
   Division of Geoenvironmental Sciences
   University of Tsukuba
   Tsukuba 305-8572, JAPAN
   Tel: +81-29-853-4502
   Fax: +81-29-853-6879
   E-Mail: tanaka@sakura.cc.tsukuba.ac.jp
   I hereby certify that this paper consists of original, unpublished work which is not under consideration for publication elsewhere.
   Desired Editors in Charge:
   Kimoto, Masahide University of Tokyo
   Mak, Mankin University of Illinois
   Five Potential Reviewers:
   Name-1, e-mail address-1
   Name-2, e-mail address-2
   Name-3, e-mail address-3
   Name-4, e-mail address-4
   Name-5, e-mail address-5
   The original manuscript and figures will be transferred, following the instruction by the Editorial Committee when the paper is accepted. I hope your favorable consideration for publication to SOLA.
   Sincerely,
   Hiroshi L. Tanaka
   Attachment: PDF file of the manuscript.
    

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