例8 Midazolam is completely metabolized in the body. The primary metabolite is a-hydroxy-midazolam, which can be traced in the plasma. Immediately after its formation, this active metabolite is conjugated with glucuronic acid（inactlvation）and then eliminated by the kidneys.

　　速眠安在体内代谢完全，主要的代谢产物为a-羟基速眠安，可在血浆中查出。代谢产物形成后，此活性代谢物便立即与葡萄糖醛酸结合（失活），然后由肾脏排出。

　　4. Overdosage（超剂量，药物过量）主要介绍用药过量所产生的后果（effect），症状（signs and symptoms）及处理（treatment）方法。其英语词汇和结构等与“剂量与用法”，“副作用”，“注意事项”等项目中的词汇和结构相似。

　　例9 Overdosage may give rise to the following signs and symptoms: tremor, xcitation, convulsions, changes in blood pressure impairment of consciousness, and coma. EEG and ECG changes may also occur.

　　Treatment: Measures to monitor and safeguard vital functions. Administration of diazepam wherenecessary.

　　超剂量可能引起下列体征和症状：震颤、兴奋、痉挛、血压改变、意识损害及昏迷。心电图和脑电图也可能发生改变。

　　治疗：采取措施监护重要器官的功能。必要时给予安定。

　　例10 Manifestations of Halcion overdosage include extensions of its pharmacological activity, namely somnolence and hypnosis. As in all cases of drug overdosage, respiration, pulse, and blood pressure should be monitored and supported by general measures when necessary. Immediate gastric lavage should be performed. Intravenous fluids should be administered and an adequate airway maintained.

　　好尔睡服用过量的表现是其药理活性的扩展，即嗜睡和催眠。像处理所有药物过量的病例一样，必须对呼吸、脉搏和血压进行监测，必要时采用通用措施，应立即洗胃、静脉输液，并保持呼吸道畅通。

　　5. Interactions或drug Interactions（相互作用，或药物的交互作用）：本项内容主要是介绍药物合用时的注意事项。

　　例11 Temaril tablets should not be administered with 4 hours of medications containing mgnesium，aluminium or iron salts as interference with absorption may occur.

　　在使用了含镁、铝或铁盐的药物之后的4小时内不应使用环丙沙星片剂，因为可能影响吸收。

　　例12 Simultaneous consumption of alcohol can impair reaction time. e.g. in traffic or during operation of machines. At higher dosage of Elantan 20 wlth simultaneous administration of blood-pressure-lowering medicaments the effect of the latter can be potentiated.

　　同时饮酒可能损害反应时间，例如驾驶车辆或操纵机器期间。大量服用单硝酸异山梨醇的同时服用降血压药物，可能会增强后者的药效。

　　例13 Dormicum can enhance the central sedative effect of neuroleptics, tranquitizers, antidepressants, sleep-inducing drugs, analgesics and anesthetics.

　　速眠安能增强神经抑制剂、安定剂、抗抑郁剂、催眠、镇静剂和麻醉剂的中枢神经镇静作用。

　　例14 Concomitant treatment with other vasodilators, calcium antagonists, betablockers, diuretics, antihypertensives, tricyclic antidepressants, major tranquilizers, and dihydroergotamine, as well as the consumption of alcohol, may potentiate the blood pressure lowering effect of Nitroderm TTS.

　　与其他药物，例如：血管扩张药、钙桔抗剂、B-受体阻断剂、利尿剂、抗高血压药、三环抗抑郁药、

　　强镇静剂及二氢麦角胺合用，以及饮酒等，可加强硝酸甘油护心贴膏的降血压作用。

　　6。Validity（有效期）：药品的有效期或失效期有以下几种表示方法：

　　validity 有效期 storage life 贮存期

　　Expiry(Exp.) date 失效（日）期 Shelf life 贮存期（贮藏期限）

　　Expiring 失效期 Stability 稳定性

　　Expiration date 失效（日）期

　　例15 Expiry: 18 months (Expiry date is printed on the vial label.)

　　有效期：18个月（失效日期印在瓶签上）。

　　例16 Validity and storage: The solution will keep for five years if stored at a temperature below +20℃

　　有效期及贮存法：于20℃以下可保存5年。

　　例17 Stability: Cefoperazone is stable at least 24 hours in aqueous solutions, stored at temperature which ranges from 5 to 25℃．The powder form is really effective till the expiry date indicated on packings.

　　稳定性：头孢哌酮存于5～25℃温度下的稳定性至少可达24小时。木品粉剂的药效实际上可保持到包装上规定的失效日期。医.学 全,在.线,提供www.med126.com

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